In cases involving hypothetical event, the effect can precede the cause. Mirza and Tonelli (2014)[1] found one such case in their Causal TimeBank (among 300 or so cases):
“But some analysts questioned how much of an impact the retirement package will have, because few jobs will end up being eliminated.”
low inter-annotator agreement?
todo: datasets http://www.coli.uni-saarland.de/~mroth/LSDSem/pdfs/LSDSem03.pdf
Penn Discourse Treebank in English
(Prasad et al., 2007) and the CSTNews corpus in
Brazilian Portuguese (Aleixo and Pardo, 2008).
...
From Ponti and Korhonen (2017): "Discourse-level causation is expressed explicitly through verbs (e.g. to cause or to enable) (Wolff, 2007) or adverbial markers, either inter-clausal (e.g. because) or inter-sentential (e.g. indeed). These markers are often ambiguous. Moreover, causation is not necessarily explicit: it can be entailed by the speakers and inferred by the listeners only through world knowledge (Grivaz, 2012)."
Psycholinguistics: Implicit causation verbs Carramazza et al.
References
- ↑ Mirza, Paramita, and Sara Tonelli. "An Analysis of Causality between Events and its Relation to Temporal Information." In COLING, pp. 2097-2106. 2014.